Summary auto-generated
Researchers isolated two strains of Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped marine bacteria from a mussel (Crenomytilus grayanus) and scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) collected from the Sea of Japan. Through phenotypic characterization, DNA-DNA hybridization, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the strains were identified as belonging to a novel species within the genus Pseudoalteromonas. The bacteria produced pale orange pigmentation and various antimicrobial compounds. They grew optimally at 25-30°C and 1-3% NaCl, degraded gelatin, elastin, starch, DNA, and Tween 80, but not chitin or agar. Of 49 carbohydrates tested, the strains utilized only D-glucose, cellobiose, and sucrose. DNA-DNA hybridization showed 98% homology between the two strains but only 5-15% relatedness to other Pseudoalteromonas species. The two strains had DNA G+C content of 48.4-48.9 mol%. Based on these findings, the authors propose the name Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica sp. nov., with strain KMM 300T designated as the type strain.
Key findings
- Two novel strains isolated from marine invertebrates represent a new species, Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica, distinguished by low DNA homology (5-15%) to other Pseudoalteromonas species despite clear phylogenetic affiliation
- The bacteria possess distinctive phenotypic traits including ability to grow at 8% NaCl, resistance to multiple antibiotics, and inability to utilize maltose or utilize arginine, differentiating them from closely related pigmented Pseudoalteromonas species
- 16S rRNA sequence analysis confirmed the strains belong to γ-Proteobacteria and form a distinct clade within the genus Pseudoalteromonas, supported by comparable phenotypic and genotypic data
- The isolates produce antimicrobial compounds and degrade multiple substrates including proteins, polysaccharides, and DNA but cannot hydrolyze chitin or agar
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Abstract
On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and analysis of 16S rRNA sequences, a novel species belonging to the genus Pseudoalteromonas is described. Two pale-orange-pigmented strains, KMM 300(T) and KMM 290, isolated respectively from a mussel, Crenomytilus grayanus, and a scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis, are marine, Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that produce a number of antimicrobial compounds. The strains are able to degrade gelatin, elastin, starch, DNA and Tween 80. Chitin and agar are not degraded. The isolates from marine invertebrates grew at NaCl concentrations of 1--9% and a temperature range of 10--35 degrees C and did not utilize most of the wide range of carbohydrates tested, with the exception of D-glucose, cellobiose and sucrose. The DNA G+C content was 48.4--48.9 mol%. The level of DNA homology of the two strains was 98%. DNA from the strains isolated from marine invertebrates showed 5--15% genetic relatedness to the DNA of other type strains of the genus Pseudoalteromonas. 16S rRNA analysis indicated a clear affiliation of the novel bacteria to other species of the genus. The strains are assigned to a novel species, Pseudomonas ruthenica sp. nov., with the type strain KMM 300(T) (=LMG 19699(T)=CIP 106857(T)).