Summary auto-generated
Researchers isolated and characterized a novel bacterium designated strain BLxT from a laboratory-scale kitchen waste decomposition system. The organism was previously detected as a dominant bacterial species using molecular techniques in a system operating at 50°C and pH 8-9. Strain BLxT is a moderately thermophilic, alkaliphilic, aerobic rod-shaped bacterium that forms terminal spores. It grows optimally at 50°C and pH 8-9, preferring low salt concentrations (0.5% NaCl). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences placed the strain in an independent lineage within a cluster containing Virgibacillus and Lentibacillus genera, showing 92.8-94.8% similarity to Virgibacillus species. The bacterium was distinguished from related genera by its elevated growth temperature, low salt preference, inability to hydrolyze casein, and unique fatty acid composition (iso-C15:0 as major component at 67.2%). Based on comprehensive phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic analyses, the authors propose classification as a new genus and species: Cerasibacillus quisquiliarum. The type strain is designated BLxT with multiple reference culture accessions. The organism's abundance in the decomposition system suggests an important ecological role in organic waste degradation.
Key findings
- Cerasibacillus quisquiliarum is a novel moderately thermophilic and alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from kitchen refuse decomposition, with optimum growth at 50°C and pH 8-9
- The bacterium is phylogenetically positioned as an independent lineage within Bacillus rRNA group 1, separate from related genera Virgibacillus and Lentibacillus based on 16S rDNA analysis
- Distinctive biochemical and chemotaxonomic features including unique fatty acid profile (iso-C15:0 dominance), low salt preference, and inability to hydrolyze casein differentiate it from related bacilli
- The organism was the dominant strain in the decomposition system as determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization, suggesting an important functional role in organic waste degradation
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Abstract
A moderately thermophilic and alkaliphilic bacillus, which had been reported and designated BLx (Haruta et al., 2002), was isolated from a semi-continuous decomposing system of kitchen refuse. Cells of strain BLxT were strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, motile and spore forming. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were approximately 50 °C and pH 89. Strain BLxT was able to grow at NaCl concentrations from 0·5 to 7·5 %, with optimum growth at 0·5 % NaCl. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7, and the major fatty acid was iso-C15 : 0. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain BLxT was positioned in an independent lineage within the cluster that includes the genera Virgibacillus and Lentibacillus in Bacillus rRNA group 1. Strain BLxT exhibited 16S rDNA similarity of 92·894·8 % to Virgibacillus species and 92·3 % to Lentibacillus salicampi. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses supported the classification of strain BLxT in a novel genus and species. Cerasibacillus quisquiliarum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed on the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data. The type strain is BLxT (DSM 15825T=IAM15044T=KCTC 3815T).