Summary auto-generated
This study examined human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HA2 strain) grown in two different host systems: embryonated hen eggs and rhesus monkey kidney cells. The two virus preparations showed substantial differences in biological properties and carbohydrate composition. Egg-grown virus particles were larger (233 nm versus 167 nm) and exhibited higher neuraminidase and hemolytic activities compared to monkey kidney cell-grown virus. Haemagglutinin titers were similar when tested with human, guinea-pig, and hen red blood cells, but dramatically reduced with monkey red blood cells in egg-grown virus. Carbohydrate analysis revealed egg-grown virus contained higher total carbohydrate content (9.2% versus 5.7% dry weight), particularly in neutral sugars. Both viruses contained the same monosaccharides (fucose, mannose, galactose, glucose, glucosamine, and galactosamine), but in different proportions. The prominent neutral sugar was glucose in egg-grown virus and fucose in monkey kidney cell-grown virus. Viral infection of monkey kidney cells altered the host cell carbohydrate composition, increasing fucose and glucose while decreasing mannose and galactose. These findings suggest that carbohydrates in enveloped viruses are primarily determined by the host cell system and may play important roles in viral biological activities.
Key findings
- Egg-grown HA2 virus was larger (233 nm) than monkey kidney cell-grown virus (167 nm) with correspondingly higher neuraminidase and hemolytic activities
- Total carbohydrate content differed substantially between host systems: 9.2% in egg-grown virus versus 5.7% in cell-grown virus, with proportional differences in specific sugars
- Haemagglutinin activity was identical across host systems for human, guinea-pig, and hen red blood cells but 100-fold reduced in egg-grown virus against monkey red blood cells
- HA2 virus infection altered the carbohydrate composition of infected monkey kidney cells by increasing fucose and glucose while decreasing mannose and galactose
- Host cell system is the primary determinant of viral carbohydrate composition, which correlates with differences in biological activity
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Abstract
Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HA2 virus) grown either in embryonated hens' eggs or in M. rhesus monkey kidney cells showed differences in size, biological properties and carbohydrate composition. Egg-grown virus showed a larger size (233 nm versus 167 nm), a higher neuraminidase activity (specific activity and initial and maximum velocity) and a higher haemolytic activity than monkey kidney cell-grown virus. The haemagglutinin titre was identical for the HA2 strain grown in both host systems when tested with human O Rh+, guinea- pig and hen red blood cells, but reduced by more than 100-fold when tested with grivet monkey red blood cells. In addition, the carbohydrate content (mainly neutral sugars) was higher in egg-grown virus (9.2%) than in virus grown in MK cells (5.7%), and the amino to neutral sugar ratio was lower (1.2 versus 2.1). The sugars were identified as fucose, mannose, galactose, glucose, glucosamine and galactosamine. The prominent neutral monosaccharide was glucose in egg- grown virus and fucose in MK cell-grown virus. HA2 virus infection of MK cells increased fucose and glucose, and decreased mannose and galactose levels.