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Tenacibaculum lutimaris sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat in the Yellow Sea, Korea

Yoon, Jung-Hoon, Kang, So-Jung, Oh, Tae-Kwang

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2005; 55(2):793 · https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63416-0

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Summary auto-generated

Researchers isolated four Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strains from tidal sediments in the Yellow Sea, Korea. Through comprehensive polyphasic characterization, these strains were taxonomically classified as a novel species within the genus Tenacibaculum. The bacteria exhibited optimal growth at 30-37°C and in 2-3% NaCl. All four strains possessed menaquinone-6 as the predominant quinone and similar fatty acid profiles containing C16:1ω7c, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0 3-OH, and iso-C17:0 3-OH. The strains showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99.8-100% to each other and 82-87% DNA-DNA relatedness, confirming they represent the same genomic species. When compared to existing Tenacibaculum species, the four strains exhibited 95-98% 16S rRNA similarity but only 9-21% DNA-DNA relatedness with the closest relatives, T. mesophilum and T. skagerrakense. Based on these phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic, and genetic data, the authors propose the designation of Tenacibaculum lutimaris sp. nov., with strain TF-26T as the type strain.

Key findings

  • Four bacterial strains isolated from Yellow Sea tidal flats represent a novel Tenacibaculum species with 82-87% DNA-DNA relatedness to each other and only 9-21% relatedness to closest phylogenetic relatives
  • The strains are Gram-negative, rod-shaped, halophilic bacteria with optimal growth at 30-37°C in 2-3% NaCl and possess MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone
  • T. lutimaris exhibits 95-98% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to existing Tenacibaculum species but distinct phenotypic differences including variable nitrate reduction and growth capabilities
  • The novel species is characterized by fatty acid profiles rich in branched and hydroxy fatty acids (C16:1ω7c, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0 3-OH) with DNA G+C content of 32.3-32.8 mol%
  • Tenacibaculum lutimaris is phylogenetically affiliated with the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroidetes group and represents the sixth recognized species in the genus Tenacibaculum

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Abstract

Four Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strains, TF-26T, TF-28, TF-42 and TF-53, were isolated from a tidal flat in the Yellow Sea, Korea, and their taxonomic positions were determined by a polyphasic characterization. The strains grew optimally in the presence of 23 % (w/v) NaCl and at 3037 °C. The predominant menaquinone detected in the four strains was MK-6. These strains contained large amounts of fatty acids C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C contents of the four strains were 32·332·8 mol%. Strains TF-26T, TF-28, TF-42 and TF-53 showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 99·8100 % and DNADNA relatedness levels of 8287 %. The four strains exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 95·098·0 % to the type strains of the five current Tenacibaculum species, and DNADNA relatedness levels between the four strains and two phylogenetic relatives, Tenacibaculum mesophilum DSM 13764T and Tenacibaculum skagerrakense DSM 14836T, were less than 21 %. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strains TF-26T, TF-28, TF-42 and TF-53 were classified in the genus Tenacibaculum as members of a novel species, for which the name Tenacibaculum lutimaris sp. nov. (type strain, TF-26T=KCTC 12302T=DSM 16505T) is proposed.