Phaeobacter arcticus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from the Arctic

A Gram-negative, psychrophilic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain 20188^T, was isolated from marine samples collected from the Arctic (7 ° 00' 24'' N 16 ° 59' 37'' W), and was identified taxonomically by means of a polyphasic study. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain 20188^T was closely related to members of the genera Phaeobacter. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain 20188^T and the type strains of Phaeobacter inhibens, Phaeobacter gallaeciensis and Phaeobacter daeponensis were 97.0, 96.8 and 96.2 %, respectively. The temperature range for growth was 0–25 °C, with optimum growth occurring at 19–20 °C and at approximately pH 6.0–9.0. Strain 20188^T had ubiquinone-10 as the major respiratory quinone and C_{18 : 1}ω7c and 11-methyl C_{18 : 1}ω7c as major fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 59.6 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA–DNA relatedness data, strain 20188^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Phaeobacter, for which the name Phaeobacter arcticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 20188^T (=CGMCC 1.6500^T=JCM 14644^T).