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Other Bacteria

Dehalogenimonas alkenigignens sp. nov., a chlorinated-alkane-dehalogenating bacterium isolated from groundwater

Kimberly S. Bowman, M. Fernanda Nobre, Milton S. da Costa, Fred A. Rainey, William M. Moe

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
  • 2Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
  • 3Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal
  • 4Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
  • Correspondence
    William M. Moe moemwil{at}lsu.edu

    • International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2013; 63(Pt 4):1492–1498 · https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.045054-0

    View at publisher PubMed

    Abstract

    Two strictly anaerobic bacterial strains, designated IP3-3T and SBP-1, were isolated from groundwater contaminated by chlorinated alkanes and alkenes at a Superfund Site located near Baton Rouge, Louisiana (USA). Both strains reductively dehalogenate a variety of polychlorinated aliphatic alkanes, including 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane and 1,2,3-trichloropropane, when provided with hydrogen as the electron donor. To clarify their taxonomic position, strains IP3-3T and SBP-1 were characterized using a polyphasic approach. Both IP3-3T and SBP-1 are mesophilic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and Gram-stain-negative. Cells of both strains are irregular cocci with diameters of 0.4–1.1 µm. Both are resistant to ampicillin and vancomycin. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains IP3-3T and SBP-1 are 55.5±0.4 and 56.2±0.2 mol% (HPLC), respectively. Major cellular fatty acids include C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0, C14 : 0 and C16 : 1ω9c. 16S rRNA gene sequence based phylogenetic analyses indicated that the strains cluster within the phylum Chloroflexi most closely related to but distinct from the species Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens (96.2 % pairwise similarity) and Dehalococcoides mccartyi (90.6 % pairwise similarity). Physiological and chemotaxonomic traits as well as phylogenetic analysis support the conclusion that these strains represent a novel species within the genus Dehalogenimonas for which the name Dehalogenimonas alkenigignens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IP3-3T ( = JCM 17062T = NRRL B-59545T).

    • The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the16S rRNA gene sequences of strain IP3-3T ( = JCM 17062T  = NRRL B-59545T) and strain SBP-1 are JQ994266 and JQ994267, respectively.

    • A supplementary figure and three supplementary tables are available with the online version of this paper.

    Abbreviations:
    1,2-DCA
    1,2-dichloroethane
    1,2-DCP
    1,2-dichloropropane
    DGGE
    denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
    SEM
    scanning electron microscopy
    1,1,2,2-TeCA
    1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
    1,1,2-TCA
    1,1,2-trichloroethane
    1,2,3-TCP
    1,2,3-trichloropropane