Alloactinosynnema iranicum sp. nov., a rare actinomycete isolated from a hypersaline wetland, and emended description of the genus Alloactinosynnema

Mahdi Moshtaghi Nikou, Mohaddaseh Ramezani, Mohammad Ali Amoozegar, Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli, Peter Schumann, Cathrin Spröer, Cristina Sánchez-Porro, Antonio Ventosa

¹Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran

²Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

³Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany

⁴Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain

Correspondence
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar amoozegar{at}ut.ac.ir or amoozegar{at}ibrc.ir

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2014; 64(Pt 4):1173–1179 · https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.049189-0

Abstract

A Gram-staining-positive actinobacterial strain, Chem10^T, was isolated from soil around Inche-Broun hypersaline wetland in the north of Iran. Strain Chem10^T was strictly aerobic, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The isolate grew with 0–3 % NaCl, at 20–40 °C and at pH 6.0–8.0. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 30 °C and pH 7.0, respectively. The cell wall of strain Chem10^T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as diamino acid and galactose, ribose and arabinose as whole-cell sugars. The polar lipid pattern contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Strain Chem10^T synthesized cellular fatty acids of the straight-chain saturated and mono-unsaturated, and iso- and anteiso-branched types C_14 : 0, C_16 : 0, iso-C_16 : 1, anteiso-C_17 : 0, iso-C_16 : 0, iso-C_14 : 0 and iso-C_15 : 0, and the major respiratory quinone was MK-9(H₄). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain Chem10^T belonged to the family Pseudonocardiaceae and showed the closest phylogenetic similarity to Alloactinosynnema album KCTC 19294^T (98.3 %) and Actinokineospora cibodasensis DSM 45658^T (97.9 %). DNA–DNA relatedness values between the novel strain and strains Alloactinosynnema album KCTC 19294^T and Actinokineospora cibodasensis DSM 45658^T were only 52 % and 23 %, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics and DNA–DNA hybridization data, a novel species of the genus Alloactinosynnema is proposed, Alloactinosynnema iranicum sp. nov. The type strain is Chem10^T ( = IBRC-M 10403^T = CECT 8209^T). In addition, an emended description of the genus Alloactinosynnema is proposed.